The American Herbal Products Association (AHPA) conducted quantitative surveys to estimate annual harvests of certain Native North American herbs in commerce, as well as to quantify production of additional non-North American native herbs known to be commercially cultivated in the U.S.; survey data from two tonnage surveys representing harvests from 2018 to 2020, and 2021 to 2023 are reported here. Plant species for the survey were initially selected for inclusion in the surveys based on their use in herbal products and their status as North American native species known to be wild harvested for at least some part of their market. In 2021–2023, the survey was expanded to include additional botanical species that are predominantly non-North American native herbs known to be commercially cultivated in the U.S.

AHPA previously collected and published annual tonnage data beginning with a survey of wild and cultivated harvest quantities of goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) and several other plants in 1997. The survey was expanded in 2000, and the format continues to evolve with incorporation of additional species and other elements. Results and analysis of surveys for harvest years 1997 through 2017 are available in previous publications, though this report includes discussion of some of those data for context.

Data reported here represent aggregate harvest quantities for specific commodities; data were provided to AHPA by primary producers, collectors, aggregators, distributors, and suppliers of botanical raw materials. For each of the commodities included in this report, respondents were asked to provide information on the amounts of both cultivated and wild-harvested material, and for surveys representing annual harvest up to 2020, of both fresh (i.e., not dehydrated) and dried material. Additionally, respondents were asked to report quantities of each commodity that were certified organic in conformity with the USDA National Organic Program. Reported amounts of certified organic materials are included in the total aggregate harvest data for wild and cultivated categories as well as in a separate organic raw materials table. Finally, AHPA began collecting harvest data for botanical materials produced using forest farming techniques starting in 2018.